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Saposin protein domain
In molecular biology a saposin protein domain is a region of the saposin protein that has a certain conserved sequence or structure that defines a domain. Saposins are small lysosomal proteins that serve as activators of various lysosomal lipid-degrading enzymes. They probably act by isolating the lipid substrate from the membrane surroundings, thus making it more accessible to the soluble degradative enzymes. All mammalian saposins are synthesized as a single precursor molecule (prosaposin) which contains four ''Saposin-B domains'', yielding the active saposins after proteolytic cleavage, and two ''Saposin-A domains'' that are removed in the activation reaction. The Saposin-B domains also occur in other proteins, many of them active in the lysis of membranes.
==Domain organization==
Below is a schematic diagram of the primary structure of the prosaposin protein depicting the N- and C-terminal SapA domains and the four SapB1 and four SapB2 domains. Proteolytic cleavage of the proprotein occurs in the grey regions. Adjacent pairs of SapB1 and SapB2 domains remain connected after proteolytic processing of prosaposin and each pair comprises one of the mature saponin A-D proteins.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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